Data Source and References for Opuntia (pricklypear)

1914. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.

TX

Literature

1929. Madroño.

CA

Literature

1962. Transactions of the Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters.

WI

Literature

1976. Castanea.

MS

Literature

1977. Survey of sensitive plants of the Algodones Dunes (report for Bureau of Land Management, Riverside, CA). Unpublished. Westec Services Inc., Tustin, CA.

CA

Literature

1979. From Dames & Moore BioInvestigations; compiled into Nipomo Dunes handbook by Bill Denneen (1982); rev. by G.F. Hrusa (1977-1987). Unpublished.

CA

Literature

1980. Journal of the Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science.

AZ

Literature

1980. Systematic Botany.

NV

Literature

1986. Sida.

NM

Literature

1987. Cactus and Succulent Journal.

CO, KS, NE, NM, TX

Literature

1988. Cactus and Succulent Journal.

TX

Literature

1988. Madroño.

NM

Literature

1992. Madroño.

AZ

Literature

1993. Crossosoma.

CA

Literature

1995. Aliso.

CA

Literature

1996. New Mexico Botanist.

NM

Literature

1997. Rhodora.

AZ, UT

Literature

1998. New Mexico Naturalist's Notes.

NM

Literature

1999. University of Minnesota Herbarium: Vascular plant collection.

MN

Literature

2000. CalFlora: Information on California plants for education, research and conservation. The CalFlora Database, Berkeley.

CA

Literature

2000. Desert Plants.

AZ

Literature

2001. Journal of the Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science.

AZ

Literature

Anderson, E.F. 2001. The cactus family. Timber Press, Portland.

FL, GA, TX, VI

Literature

Anonymous. Personal communication to John Kartesz.

IA, IL, MN, MT, NM, OK, OR, WA

Literature

Arizona Heritage Data Management System.

AZ

Literature

Benson, L. 1982. The cacti of the United States and Canada. Stanford University Press, Stanford.

AZ, FL, ID, KS, LA, MS, MT, ND, NE, NM, OH, OR, SC, SD, TX, UT, VA, WA, WY

Literature

Booth, W.E., and J.C. Wright. 1966. Flora of Montana. Montana State University, Bozeman.

MT

Literature

Britton, N.L., and P. Wilson. 1926. Botany of Porto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Scientific Survey of Porto Rico and the Virgin Islands. New York Academy of Sciences, New York.

VI

Literature

Brouillet, L., F. Coursol, and M. Favreau. 2006. VASCAN. The database of Canadian vascular plants. Herbier Marie-Victorin, Institut de recherche en biologie végétale, Université de Montréal.

AB, BC, MB, ON, SK

Literature

Brown, M.L., and R.G. Brown. 1984. Herbaceous plants of Maryland. Port City Press, Inc., Baltimore.

MD

Literature

Buegge, J.J. Flora of the Santa Teresa Mountains in Graham County, Arizona.

AZ

Literature

CIC. Specimen at Albertson College of Idaho, Caldwell, Idaho.

ID

Specimen

California Native Plant Society. Inventory of rare and endangered plants.

CA

Literature

Campbell, Julian. Personal communication.

KY

Literature

Checklist of the vascular plants of San Diego County, California. San Diego Natural History Museum, San Diego.

CA

Literature

Chester, E.W, B.E. Wofford, and R. Kral. 1997. Atlas of Tennessee vascular plants. Vol. 2. Miscellaneous Publication No. 13. Austin Peay State University, Clarksville.

TN

Literature

Chester, E.W., B.E. Wofford, R. Kral, H.R. DeSelm, and A.M. Evans. 1993. Atlas of Tennessee vascular plants. 2 vols. Center for Field Biology Miscellaneous Publication No. 9/13. Austin Peay State University, Clarksville.

TN

Literature

Clemants, Steven. Personal communication.

NJ, NY

Literature

Connecticut Natural Diversity Database.

CT

Literature

Cooperrider, T.S. 1995. The Dicotyledoneae of Ohio. Part 2: Linaceae through Campanulaceae. Ohio State University Press, Columbus.

OH

Literature

Creso, I. 1984. Vascular plants of western Washington. Johnson Cox Printers, Tacoma.

WA

Literature

Crovello, T.J., C.A. Keller, and J.T. Kartesz. 1983. The vascular plants of Indiana: A computer based checklist. University of Notre Dame Press, Notre Dame.

IN

Literature

Damrel, D., D.J. Pinkava, and L.R. Landrum. The Phoenix flora.

AZ

Literature

Damrel, D.Z. San Tan Mountain Semi-regional Park checklist (in progress). Arizona State University, Tempe.

AZ

Literature

Davis, R. 1952. Flora of Idaho. W.C. Brown Co., Dubuque.

ID

Literature

Deam, C.C. 1940. Flora of Indiana. Wm.B. Burford Printing Co., Indianapolis.

IN

Literature

Deramus, R. 1970. Studies on the flora of the vascular plants of Dauphin Island, Mobile Co. Alabama. Ph.D. Dissertation. University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa.

AL

Literature

Dorn, R.D. 1977. Manual of the vascular plants of Wyoming. 2 vols. Garland Publishing, Inc., New York.

WY

Literature

Dorn, R.D. 1984. Vascular plants of Montana. Mountain West Publishers, Cheyenne.

MT

Literature

Doyle, J.D. 1990. Systematics of the Opuntia humifusa complex. Ph.D. Dissertation. University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.

CO, MO, MS, SC

Literature

Duncan, W.H., and J.T. Kartesz. 1981. Vascular flora of Georgia. University of Georgia Press, Athens.

GA

Literature

EOSC. Specimen at Eastern Oregon University, Lagrande, Oregon.

OR

Specimen

Eilers, L.J., and D.M. Roosa. 1991. The vascular plants of Iowa. University of Iowa Press, Iowa City.

IA

Literature

Eleuterius, L., and J.D. Caldwell. 1993. Plant species found on Indian shell middens in coastal Mississippi. Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, University of Southern Mississippi, Ocean Springs.

MS

Literature

Fernald, M.L. 1950. Gray's manual of botany, 8th ed. American Book Company, New York.

MN

Literature

George, G.G. 1992. A synonymized checklist of the plants found growing in Rhode Island. Rhode Island Wild Plant Society.

RI

Literature

Griffith, M.P. 2003. Using molecular evidence to elucidate reticulate evolution in Opuntia (Cactaceae). Madroño 50: 162-169.

TX

Literature

Hartman, R. Atlas of the vascular flora of Wyoming. Unpublished and undated.

WY

Literature

Harvill, A.M., C.E. Stevens, and D.M.E. Ware. 1981. Atlas of the Virginia flora, Part II. Dicotyledons. Virginia Botanical Associates, Farmville.

VA

Literature

Hatch, S.L., K.N. Gandhi, and L.E. Brown. 1990. Checklist of the vascular plants of Texas (MP-1655). Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, College Station.

TX

Literature

Haynes, R. 1990. A database of the Alabama flora. Unpublished.

AL

Literature

Heil, K.D, and S.L. O'Kane, Jr. 2002. Catalog of the Four Corners flora - vascular plants of the San Juan River Drainage: Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico and Utah, 6th ed.

NM

Literature

Hickman, J.C. (ed.). 1993. The Jepson manual. University of California Press, Berkeley.

CA

Literature

Hogan, Tim. Personal communication.

CO

Literature

Hough, M.Y. 1978. New Jersey Wild Plants. Harmony Press, Harmony.

NJ

Literature

Hrusa, G.F. 1996. Report submitted to North State Resources Inc., Redding. Unpublished.

CA

Literature

Hrusa, G.F. 1997. Private list, H.A.R.T. Inc. Unpublished.

CA

Literature

ID. Specimen at University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho.

ID

Specimen

IDS. Specimen at Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho.

ID

Specimen

Illinois Plant Information Network (ILPIN).

IL

Literature

Johnston, B. 1991. List of Colorado plants. Unpublished.

CO

Literature

Jones, S.B., and N. Coile. 1988. The distribution of the vascular flora of Georgia. Herbarium, Department of Botany, Athens.

GA

Literature

Kartesz, J.T. 1988. A flora of Nevada. Ph.D. Dissertation. University of Nevada, Reno.

NV

Literature

Kartesz, J.T. 2001. Atlas of the Nevada flora. Unpublished.

NV

Literature

Kartesz, J.T. 2002. Atlas of the Arizona flora. Unpublished.

AZ

Literature

Kaul, Robert. Personal communication.

NE

Literature

Kearney, T., and R.H. Peebles. 1960. Arizona flora with supplement. University of California Press, Los Angeles.

AZ

Literature

Kuhn, B., B.E. Nelson, & R.L. Hartman. 2011. A floristic inventory of the Cimarron National Grassland (Kansas) and the Comanche National Grassland (Colorado). Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 5: 753-772.

CO, KS

Literature

Lehr, J.H. 1978. A catalogue of the flora of Arizona. Desert Botanical Garden, Phoenix.

AZ

Literature

Liogier, H.A. 1994. Descriptive Flora of Puerto Rico and Adjacent Islands. Spermatophyta. Vols. 1-5. Editorial de la Universidad de Puerto Rico.

PR

Literature

Liogier, H.A., and L.F. Martorell. 1982. Flora of Puerto Rico and adjacent Islands: A systematic synopsis. Editorial de la Universidad de Puerto Rico.

PR

Literature

Lowe, E.N. 1921. Plants of Mississippi. Mississippi State Geological Survey Bulletin No. 17.

MS

Literature

Magee, D. Flora of New England. Unpublished and undated.

CT, MA

Literature

Martin, A.C., H.S. Zim, and A.L. Nelson. 1951. American wildlife and plants: A guide to wildlife food habits. Dover Publications, New York.

Literature

Martin, W.C., and C.R. Hutchins. 1980. A flora of New Mexico. Strauss & Cramer, Germany.

NM

Literature

McAvoy, William. Personal communication.

DE

Literature

McGregor, R.L., et al. 1977. Atlas of the flora of the Great Plains. Iowa State University Press, Ames.

KS, ND, NE, OK, SD

Literature

McGregor, R.L., et al. 1986. Flora of the Great Plains. University of Kansas Press, Lawrence.

KS, NE, OK, SD

Literature

Medley, M.E. 1993. An annotated catalogue of the known or reported vascular flora of Kentucky. Ph.D. Dissertation. University of Louisville, Louisville.

KY

Literature

Meyer, J. 1990. Chrysler Herbarium Checklist. Manuscript.

NJ

Literature

Mitchell, R.S. (ed.). 1986. A checklist of New York State plants. Contributions of a Flora of New York State, Checklist III. New York State Bulletin No. 458. New York State Museum, Albany.

NY

Literature

Mohlenbrock, R.H. 1986. Guide to the vascular flora of Illinois, rev. ed. Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale and Edwardsville.

IL

Literature

Mohr., C. 1901. Plant life of Alabama. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium VI.

AL

Literature

Munz, P.A. 1974. A flora of southern California. University of California Press, Berkeley.

CA

Literature

Munz, P.A., and D.D. Keck. 1968. A California flora and supplement. University of California Press, Berkeley.

CA

Literature

NCU. Specimen at University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.

NC

Specimen

NMC. Specimen at New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico.

NM

Specimen

NMC. Specimen at New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico.

NM

Specimen

NMC. Specimen at New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico.

NM

Specimen

NMC. Specimen at New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico.

NM

Specimen

NMC. Specimen at New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico.

NM

Specimen

NMC. Specimen at New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico.

NM

Specimen

NMC. Specimen at New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico.

NM

Specimen

NMC. Specimen at New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico.

NM

Specimen

NMC. Specimen at New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico.

NM

Specimen

NMC. Specimen at New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico.

NM

Specimen

NMC. Specimen at New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico.

NM

Specimen

NMC. Specimen at New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico.

NM

Specimen

NMC. Specimen at New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico.

NM

Specimen

New Mexico Natural Heritage Program.

NM

Literature

New York Flora Association. 1990. Preliminary vouchered atlas of New York State flora, ed. 1. New York State Museum Institute, Albany.

NY

Literature

Ohio Natural Heritage Database.

OH

Literature

Oregon Flora Project species list; species noted on herbarium specimens. Unpublished and undated.

OR

Literature

Ownbey, G.B., and T. Morley. 1991. Vascular plants of Minnesota: A checklist and atlas. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis.

MN

Literature

Peck, M.E. 1961. A manual of the higher plants of Oregon, 2nd ed. Oregon State University Press, Corvallis.

OR

Literature

Radford, A.E., H.A. Ahles, and C.R. Bell. 1965. Atlas of the vascular flora of the Carolinas. Department of Botany Technical Bulletin No. 165. Chapel Hill.

NC, SC

Literature

Radford, A.E., H.A. Ahles, and C.R. Bell. 1968. Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.

NC, SC

Literature

Ralph, R.A. Checklist of the vascular plants of the Coastal Plain of Delaware. Unpublished and undated. University of Delaware Department of Biology.

DE

Literature

Reed, R. 1987. Wisconsin vascular plants. Unpublished.

WI

Literature

Rhoads, A.F., and W.M. Klein, Jr. 1993. The vascular flora of Pennsylvania. Annotated checklist and atlas. American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia.

PA

Literature

Ripley, J.D. 1994. Vegetation of the United States Air Force Academy and the adjacent Regions of the Pike National Forest, El Paso County, Colorado. Department of Biology, United States Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs.

CO

Literature

Schaffner, J.H. 1932. Revised catalog of Ohio vascular plants. Ohio Biological Survey Bulletin 25. Ohio State University, Columbus.

OH

Literature

Shultz, Leila M. Personal communication.

UT

Literature

Smith, E.B. 1988. An atlas and annotated list of the vascular plants of Arkansas, 2d ed.

AR

Literature

Sorrie, B.A. 1992. County checklist of Massachusetts plants. Unpublished.

MA

Literature

Specimen Management System for California Herbaria (SMASCH).

CA

Literature

Specimen at Eastern New Mexico University, Portales, New Mexico.

NM

Specimen

St. John, H. 1963. Flora of southeastern Washington and adjacent Idaho, 3rd ed. Outdoor Pictures, Escondido.

WA

Literature

Stein, B.A., and S.F. Warrick (eds.). 1979. Granite Mountains resource survey. Environmental Field Program Publication No. 1. University of California, Santa Cruz.

CA

Literature

Strausbaugh, P.D., and E.L. Core. 1977. Flora of West Virginia, 2nd ed., 4 vols. West Virginia Bulletin, Morgantown.

WV

Literature